Lock hinge



No. 623,926. Patented Apr. 25 1899..

.1. w. NEAL.

LUCK HINGE.

(Application filed July so, 1898.)

(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet I.

No. 623,926. Patented Apr. 25, I899. J. w. NEAL.

LLLLLLLL E.

-- use 11m? in mm ihvrrn TATES,

JAMES WV. NEAL, OF 'ROANOKE, VIRGINIA, ASSIGNOR TO AUSTIN R. NEAL ANDELIZA S. GALE, OF SAME PLACE.

LOCK-HINGE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 623,926, dated April25, 1899. Application filed July 80, 1898. Serial No. 687,287. (Nomodel.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, JAMES W. NEAL, a citizen of the United States,residing at'Roanoke, in the county of Roanoke and State of Virginia,have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Hinges; and I doherebydeclare the following to be a full, clear, and exact descriptionof the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to whichit appertains to make and use the same.

This invention relates to improvements in hinges for shutters, doors,&c., of that class in which the parts of the hinge are locked together;and the object I have in view is to provide hinges for shutters or doorswhich will facilitate the operation of hanging the same and after theyare properly adjusted to prevent them from being accidentally knocked orlifted off their hinges.

In the ordinary construction of shutterhinges now generally in use tohang the shutter it is necessary to adjust the parts of both the upperand lower hinges at the same time, and after they are adjusted they aresometimes accidentally removed, causing injury, damage, or delay. Toovercome these objections, I have devised hinges of slightly-differentconstruction, the upper hinge to be first adjusted and after the same issecured to serve as a support for the shutter or door until the lowerhinge is adjusted. To prevent the shutter from being accidentally raisedfrom its hinges, I have so constructed the upper and lower hinges thatthe shutter cannot be removed from the window-frame until the lowerhinge is first detached. Then it can be re moved from the upper hinge.

To the accomplishment of these ends my invention consists in having thepintle of the upper hinge constructed to receive and lock the hinge whenthe shutter is in one position with relation to the window-frame, whilethe pintle of the lower hinge is adapted to connect and lock the partsof said hinge when the shutter is in a difierent position from thatwhich it occupied in assembling the upper hinge, the upper hinge servingto support the shutter while the lower hinge is being assembled; and theinvention further consists in the detailed construction of parts, whichwill be hereinafter fully described and claimed.

To enable others to understand my invention, I have illustrated thepreferred embodiment thereof in the accompanying drawings, referring-towhich Figure l is a perspective View illustrating the manner of hanginga shutter, the pintle of the lower hinge being removed. Fig. 2 is a planView of the upper hinge, illustrating the locking mechanism. Fig. 3 is aplan view of the lower hinge, illustrating the locking mechanism whenthe shutter is in the same position with relation to the window-frame asin Fig.- 2. Fig. 4 shows the construction of the lower section of theupper hinge. Fig. 5 is a View of the lower hinge assembled. Fig. 6 is asection taken through the lower hinge. Fig. 7 is a detail perspectiveview of the pintle for the lower hinge. Fig. 8 is a side elevation of amodified construction. Fig. 9 is a sectional view through the same.

Like letters denote like and corresponding parts in each of the figuresof the drawings.

A designates the shutter, and B the window-frame. The hinges C and D areof the type known as lock-hinges, having the inclined locking-faces F F,the hubs c c and d d, and the leaves E E, respectively.

The upper hinge C is constructed in two parts and has its pintle Gformed integral with the lower hub c, on which pintle at or near its topis formed a stud or projection g. The hub c has a groove J formed in itseye K, so that the parts of this hinge can only be assembledor removedwhen the stud 9 comes into alinement with the groove J. The hub 0 willthen slip over the pintle Gr beyond the stud g and swing or revolve onsaid pintle, While the stud 9 will serve to retain the hub on thepintle.

The lower hinge D is constructed in three parts, having the two hubs cld and the removable pintle H. For economy the hub d and leaf of thelower hinge are constructed substantially the same as the hub and leafof the upper hinge, having the groove L formed in its eye K, thusobviating the necessity of casting a specially-constructed section forthe .lower hinge. The hub'd of the upper section is similar inconstruction to hub d, with the exception that the groove M is cutthrough a different part of the eye, so that in assembling the lowerhinge the positions of the blind must be different with relation to thewin dowframe B from that it occupied when the upper hinge was adjusted.

I prefer to form the groove L in the eye of the lower hub (Z', so thatit will be out of alincment with the groove M in the eye of the upperhub (Z when the hinge is in its open or closed position and to have thegrooves so arranged that they will come into alinement at a pointbetween said open or closed position of the hinge, and yet not in aposition to have the stud g of the upper hinge in alinement with thegroove J.

The pintle [I is removable and is provided with the spline or stud N,extending from the flange or stop-collar 7L near its upper end for asuitable distance on the pintle, preferably about the depth of the hub(Z, while near the lower end of this pintle is provided the projectionor stud 7L. The spline or stud N takes into the groove M of the hub (Zand causes the pintle H to revolve or turn with said hub (Z in the eyeof the hub (Z when the shutter is turned, the stud h working under thehub (Z and serving to lock the parts together.

The pintle G of the hinge O is of sufficient length to permit it toextend through the hub and project suffieiently above the same toreceive the stud g, as shown. If it is desired to protect the upper endof this pintle, preventing the same from rust or breakage, the hub c iscast with a cap made integral with the same, having a socket for thereception of the upper end of the pintle and a circumferential groove toreceive the stud g and permit the same to turn therein. This cap ispreferably east in the form of the head of the pintle II, so that boththe upper and lower hinges will present substantially the sameappearance when in use.

The operation is as follows: The leaves of the hinges having beenapplied to the shutter and window-frame, to hang the shutter it is firstnecessary to place the hub c of the upper hinge C over the pintle G andthen turn the shutter until the stud 9 comes into alinement with thegrooves J, when the hub will heallowed to fall to its proper positionagainst the lower hub c. In the meantime the sections of the lower hingeD are adjusting themselves for the reception of the pintle H. Thispintle is first started in the hub (Z of the upper section, passing itsstud 7L into the groove M and allowing its extension to rest and turn inthe lower hub (Z', serving as a support and guide. The shutter is thenturned until the stud h comes into alinement with the groove L of thelower hub (Z, having both the grooves L and M of the hubs (Z and (Z inalinement, when the pintle is allowed to fall into position, the splinecoming into engagement with the groove M of the upper hub. \Vhen theshutter is moved to this position, it will be understood that the stud gof the upper hinge has locked the hub c to its proper operative positionwith relation to the pintle G and hub 0, thereby preventing the samefrom becoming detached while adjusting the lower hinge. The pintle 11having been inserted in the hubs (Z and (Z until its flange orstop-collar 7L rests upon the upper portion of the hub (Z, the shutteris then turned until the stud h is out of alinement with the groove ofthe hub (Z, which locks the lower hinge in operative position. The partsof both hinges G and D are now locked together, and the shutter cannotbe removed until first its lower hinge is unfastened and then releasingit from the upper hinge.

It is well known that in trying to open or close shutters they willsometim es bind, when the operation may be facilitated by slightlyraising the shutter to reduce its weight on the hinges, and in theordinary construction of hinges now in use if the shutter is raised toomuch, which is often the case, it will fall off its hinges and is liableto cause injury, damage, or delay. In my construction slight play isprovided to permit the hinge to be raised when the door or shutter isopen; but

the studs 9 and h would prevent it from being removed from its hinges,and should the stud of one pintle happen to be in alinement with itsgroove, the grooves of the upper and lower hinges being out ofalinement, the stud of the other pintle would prevent the shutter frombeing raised and removed from its hinges.

It will be noticed that to remove the shutter it is first necessary toremove the pintle from the lower hinge before the upper hinge can bedetached. Thus the accidental removal of the shutter is impossible whenboth hinges are in operative engagement.

The use of these hinges is not limited to shutters, as they are equallyuseful on gates, doors, &e.

I am aware that changes and alterations in the form and proportion ofparts and in the details of construction of the devices herein shown anddescribed as the preferred embodiment of my invention may be made by askilled mechanic without departing from the spirit or sacrificing theadvantages thereof, and I therefore reserve the right to make suchmodifications as fairly fall within the scope of my invention.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim as new, anddesire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. The combination with a shutter or door and frame, of the upper hinge,comprising a fixed pintle, a groove in its upper hub and a locking-studon said pintle, and the lower hinge, having grooves in the upper andlower hubs, a removable pintle having a lockingstud and spline formedthereon, the grooves of the upper and lower hinges being arranged out ofalinement, one with the other, whereby the upper and lower hinges cannotbe assembled or disconnected at the same time, as and for the purposesdescribed.

2. The combination with a shutter or door and frame, of the upper hingecomprising a fixed pintle, a locking-stud on said pintle adapted to passthrough a groove in the hub and ride on the upper surface of said hub,the lower hinge comprising a removable pintle, the hubs of said hingehaving grooves formed in the eyes thereof, locking means on said pintle,the locking means and grooves of the lower hinge being out of alinementwith those of the upper hinge, whereby the hinges are adapted to beseparately assembled in hanging the shutter, the upper hinge serving asa support for the shutter While the lower hinge is adjusted,substantially as and for the purposes described.

8. In a hinge, the combination, with the leaves and hubs thereof, of aremovable pintle having a spline or stud on the upperportion thereofengaging with a groove in the upper hub, thereby causing said pintle toturn with said upper hub, a stud near the lower end of said pintleadapted to pass through a groove in the lower hub and interlocktherewith by turning the shutter, and a collar or stop on said pintle,substantially as described.

4. The combination with a shutter or door and frame, of the upper'hingehavinga fixed pintle, and the lower hinge having a removable pintle,means for separately looking or unlocking the upper and lower hingeswhen the shutter or door is swung to different angles from the face ofthe supporting-frame, substantially as and for the purposes described.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

JAMES W. NEAL.

Witnesses:

W. P. DUPUY, J. O. RAWN.

